| 1. Newly formed entity with disproportionately large transaction request |
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| 2. Fabricated or unverifiable supporting contracts |
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| 3. Instrument described as "guaranteed," "pre-approved," or "ready to issue" |
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| 4. Request to bypass, abbreviate, or avoid due diligence |
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| 5. Identity inconsistencies between submitted documents |
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| 6. Advance fee scheme indicators (fees demanded upfront to release instruments) |
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| 7. Circular or self-referential transaction structure |
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| 8. Unverifiable counterparty or beneficiary |
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| 9. Jurisdictional opacity — entities registered in multiple high-risk jurisdictions |
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| 10. Communication pressure — urgency, threats, or aggressive follow-up |
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